Lyapunov-spectrum characterization of negatively curved locally symmetric spaces

Let H\mathbf{H} be a negatively curved symmetric space with dimH3\dim \mathbf{H} \geq 3. For a closed negatively curved Riemannian manifold YY, let gYtg^t_Y be its geodesic flow, let pp be a periodic point of gYtg^t_Y, and let ν(p)\nu^{(p)} denote the invariant measure associated with the periodic orbit of pp. Write λ(H)\vec{\lambda}(\mathbf{H}) for the common Lyapunov spectrum of the geodesic flows of all negatively curved locally symmetric spaces with universal cover H\mathbf{H}.

Lyapunov-spectrum characterization conjecture. Let YY be a closed negatively curved Riemannian manifold, dimY3\dim Y \geq 3. Suppose that for each periodic point pp of gYtg^{t}_{Y} there exists a constant ω(p)>0\omega(p) > 0 such that

λ(gY,ν(p))=ω(p)λ(H).\vec{\lambda}(g_{Y},\nu^{(p)}) = \omega(p)\vec{\lambda}(\mathbf{H}).

Then YY is locally symmetric with universal cover homothetic to H\mathbf{H}.

The conjecture is motivated by the paper's periodic-orbit rigidity theorem, which proves a corresponding characterization under the stated spectral hypotheses in the locally symmetric setting; the general assertion for negatively curved manifolds remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Clark Butler, “Characterizing symmetric spaces by their Lyapunov spectra”, arXiv:1709.08066 (2025).

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