Goodson's point-counting conjecture for Dwork hypersurfaces

Let dd be an odd prime, let pp be a prime such that p≢1(modd)p\not\equiv 1 \pmod{d}, and let

Xλd: x1d+x2d++xdd=dλx1x2xdX_{\lambda}^d:\ x_1^d+x_2^d+\cdots+x_d^d=d\lambda x_1x_2\cdots x_d

be the Dwork hypersurface over Fp\mathbb{F}_p. Write d1Gd1 ⁣[1d,2d,,d1d0,0,,0|λd]p\,_{d-1}G_{d-1}\!\left[\begin{array}{cccc} \frac{1}{d}, & \frac{2}{d}, & \ldots, & \frac{d-1}{d} \\ 0, & 0, & \ldots, & 0 \end{array}\middle|\lambda^d\right]_p for McCarthy's pp-adic hypergeometric series. Goodson's point-counting conjecture. The number of points of XλdX_{\lambda}^d over Fp\mathbb{F}_p is

#Xλd(Fp)=pd11p1+1p1+d1Gd1 ⁣[1d,2d,,d1d0,0,,0|λd]p.\#X_{\lambda}^d(\mathbb{F}_p)=\frac{p^{d-1}-1}{p-1}+\frac{1}{p-1}+\,_{d-1}G_{d-1}\!\left[\begin{array}{cccc} \frac{1}{d}, & \frac{2}{d}, & \ldots, & \frac{d-1}{d} \\ 0, & 0, & \ldots, & 0 \end{array}\middle|\lambda^d\right]_p.

This conjecture extends the known point-counting formula for Dwork hypersurfaces to primes p≢1(modd)p\not\equiv 1\pmod d, where the usual finite-field hypergeometric expression is unavailable; its resolution is not established in the supplied source.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Rupam Barman, Hasanur Rahman and Neelam Saikia, “Counting Points on Dwork Hypersurfaces and p-adic Gamma Function”, arXiv:1511.09192 (2015).

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