Hexagonal conjecture for Pleijel's constant

Let Ω\Omega be a bounded planar domain of area A(Ω)A(\Omega), let (ϕn)(\phi_n) be a sequence of Laplace eigenfunctions on Ω\Omega, let μ(ϕn)\mu(\phi_n) denote the number of nodal domains of ϕn\phi_n, and let Hexa1Hexa_1 be the regular hexagon of area 11. Define

νHex=4πλ(Hexa1)0.677.\nu_{Hex}=\frac{4\pi}{\lambda(Hexa_1)}\sim 0.677.

Hexagonal conjecture for Pleijel.

A(Ω)lim supn+μ(ϕn)nνHex.A(\Omega)\limsup_{n\rightarrow +\infty}\frac{\mu(\phi_n)}{n}\leq \nu_{Hex}.

This is proposed as the improved asymptotic bound on the nodal-domain ratio suggested by the hexagonal minimal-partition conjecture; it remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Bernard Helffer and Thomas Hoffmann-Ostenhof, “A review on large k minimal spectral k-partitions and Pleijel's Theorem”, arXiv:1509.04501 (2015).

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