The rational Catalan length-skew-length conjecture for core partitions

From papers

Let mm and nn be coprime positive integers. An (m,n)(m,n)-core is a partition that is simultaneously an mm-core and an nn-core; denote the set of such cores by Pm,n\mathcal P_{m,n}. Let (λ)\ell(\lambda) and s(λ)s\ell(\lambda) be the length and skew-length statistics of an (m,n)(m,n)-core λ\lambda. Define [a]q=1+q++qa1[a]_q=1+q+\cdots+q^{a-1} and [m+nm,n]q\left[m+n \atop m,n \right]_q as the relevant qq-multinomial coefficient. The rational Catalan length-skew-length conjecture.

λPm,nq(λ)+s(λ)=Catm,n(q)=1[m+n]q[m+nm,n]q.\sum_{\lambda\in\mathcal P_{m,n}}q^{\ell(\lambda)+s\ell(\lambda)}=\operatorname{Cat}_{m,n}(q)=\frac{1}{[m+n]_q}\left[m+n \atop m,n \right]_q.

This is the core-partition formulation of a combinatorial interpretation for the rational Catalan polynomial. The source attributes it to Armstrong and collaborators and gives no evidence that it has been resolved.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Guoce Xin, “Rank complement of rational Dyck paths and conjugation of (m,n)-core partitions”, arXiv:1504.02075 (2015).

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