Forsgård–Shapiro tropical bound for real zeros

About 11 years old · traced to

Let f(z)=∑k=0nakzkf(z)=\sum_{k=0}^n a_kz^k be a polynomial with positive coefficients, and define

ftrop⁡(x)=max⁡k(Log⁡(ak)+kx+Log⁡(nk)).f_{\operatorname{trop}}(x)=\max_k\left(\operatorname{Log}(a_k)+kx+\operatorname{Log}{n\choose k}\right).

Forsgård–Shapiro tropical conjecture. The number of real zeros of ff does not exceed the number of corners of the continuous piecewise-linear function ftrop⁡f_{\operatorname{trop}} on R\mathbb{R}.

The assertion is proposed as a weighted tropical analogue of a real-root bound; the source gives no resolution.

References

Primary source

B. Shapiro, “Problems around polynomials - the good, the bad and the ugly ...”, arXiv:1503.05295 (2015).

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