Residue-class unimodality conjecture for rational Catalan polynomials

From papers

Let a<ba<b be relatively prime, and write

Cata,b(q)=jcjqj.\mathbf{Cat}_{a,b}(q)=\sum_j c_jq^j.

For each residue class rr with 0r<a0\leq r<a, consider the coefficient sequence (cak+r)k(c_{ak+r})_k indexed by the integers kk for which these coefficients occur.

Residue-class unimodality conjecture. For every residue class rr, 0r<a0\leq r<a, the coefficients of qak+rq^{ak+r} in Cata,b(q)\mathbf{Cat}_{a,b}(q) are unimodal. The conjecture refines ordinary unimodality, which the source notes does not hold for the coefficients of Cata,b(q)\mathbf{Cat}_{a,b}(q) in general. It is motivated by the shifted-coset formula above, but no resolution is supplied.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Paul Johnson, “Lattice points and simultaneous core partitions”, arXiv:1502.07934 (2015).

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