Linear recurrence conjecture for the A_{1,N-1} T_z-systems

Let N3N\geq 3. Consider the iterates xnx_n of the A~1,N1\tilde{A}_{1,N-1} Tz_z-system

xn+Nxn=Zn(xn+N1xn+1+1),Zn+N2Zn=1,x_{n+N}x_n={\cal Z}_n(x_{n+N-1}x_{n+1}+1),\qquad {\cal Z}_{n+N-2}{\cal Z}_n=1,

associated with the Y-system

yn+Nyn=(1+yn+N1)(1+yn+1).y_{n+N}y_n=(1+y_{n+N-1})(1+y_{n+1}).

Here s=(N1)(N2)s=(N-1)(N-2), and a first integral is a quantity constant along the iterates.

Linear recurrence conjecture. The iterates satisfy a constant-coefficient linear recurrence relation of order 4(N1)(N2)4(N-1)(N-2). For odd NN, it has the form

xn+4sAxn+3s+Bxn+2sAxn+s+xn=0,x_{n+4s}-\mathrm{A}x_{n+3s}+\mathrm{B}x_{n+2s}-\mathrm{A}x_{n+s}+x_n=0,

while for even NN it has the form

xn+4sCxn+2s+xn=0,x_{n+4s}-\mathrm{C}x_{n+2s}+x_n=0,

where A\mathrm{A}, B\mathrm{B} and C\mathrm{C} are first integrals. The conjecture would extend the explicitly verified linear relation for the TzT_z-system at N=4N=4 to the whole affine Dynkin family; the source reports extensive numerical evidence, but does not establish the relations in general.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Andrew N. W. Hone and Rei Inoue, “Discrete Painlevé equations from Y-systems”, arXiv:1405.5379 (2014).

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