Refined (a+1)(a+1)-positivity conjecture for quarter-plane loop series

Let Q(a,s,u)Q(a,s,u) be the generating function for quarter-plane loops, refined by the variable ss, and let Q(a,s,u)Q^{\bullet}(a,s,u) be the corresponding generating function counting primitive quarter-plane loops. Refined (a+1)(a+1)-positivity conjecture. Both series Q(a,s,u)Q(a,s,u) and Q(a,s,u)Q^{\bullet}(a,s,u) are (a+1)(a+1)-positive; that is, their coefficients, when expressed in powers of a+1a+1, are non-negative. This is a refinement of the univariate (a+1)(a+1)-positivity property, and the source gives no proof of the refined claim.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Michael Albert and Mireille Bousquet-Mélou, “Permutations sortable by two stacks in parallel and quarter plane walks”, arXiv:1312.4487 (2014).

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