Agoh's Bernoulli-number characterization of primes

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Let BkB_k denote the kk-th Bernoulli number, and let nn be a positive integer.

Agoh's conjecture. The integer nn is prime if and only if

nBn−1≡−1(modn).nB_{n-1}\equiv -1\pmod n.

The source states that this conjecture is equivalent to Giuga's conjecture. Its resolution status is not supplied here.

References

Primary source

Antonio M. Oller-Marcén and José María Grau, “On the congruence _j=1^n-1 j^k(n-1) -1 n . k-strong Giuga and k-Carmichael numbers”, arXiv:1311.3522 (2013).

Additional references

3 papers in this index state this conjecture (2011–2013). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:1305.1867, arXiv:1103.3483.

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