The skew-length generating-function conjecture for core partitions

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Let a<ba<b be coprime. For an (a,b)(a,b)-core partition λ\lambda, let ℓ(λ)\ell(\lambda) be its number of nonzero rows. Define its skew length sℓ(λ)s\ell(\lambda) to be the number of boxes simultaneously in its bb-boundary, consisting of boxes with hook lengths less than bb, and in its aa-rows, obtained by selecting the highest row in each residue class modulo aa among the hook lengths of boxes in the first column. Skew-length generating-function conjecture.

∑λqℓ(λ)+sℓ(λ)=1[a+b]q[a+ba,b]q,\sum_{\lambda} q^{\ell(\lambda)+s\ell(\lambda)}=\frac{1}{[a+b]_q}{a+b \brack a,b}_q,

where the sum is over (a,b)(a,b)-cores λ\lambda. This conjecturally supplies a statistic solving the preceding qq-Catalan problem; its relation to known major-index statistics in the classical Catalan case is unclear, and the source expects the conjecture to be difficult.

References

Primary source

Drew Armstrong, Christopher R. H. Hanusa and Brant C. Jones, “Results and conjectures on simultaneous core partitions”, arXiv:1308.0572 (2014).

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