The test function conjecture via nearby cycles

Let ShKpSh_{K_p} be the Shimura variety, let MKp/OE\mathcal M_{K_p}/\mathcal O_E be a natural integral model, and let RΨxR\Psi_x denote the nearby-cycles complex at a point xx of its special fiber. Let Φp\Phi_p be geometric Frobenius, ϕr\phi_r the test function, and let c(γ0;γ,δ)c(\gamma_0;\gamma,\delta), O(1Kp){\rm O}(1_{K^p}), and TOδθ(ϕr){\rm TO}_{\delta\theta}(\phi_r) be the terms in the semisimple trace formula. Nearby-cycles test function conjecture. There exists a natural integral model MKp/OE\mathcal M_{K_p}/\mathcal O_E such that

xMKp(kEj0)trss(Φpr,RΨx)=(γ0;γ,δ)c(γ0;γ,δ) O(1Kp) TOδθ(ϕr),\sum_{x\in\mathcal M_{K_p}(k_{E_{j0}})}{\rm tr}^{\rm ss}(\Phi_p^r,R\Psi_x)=\sum_{(\gamma_0;\gamma,\delta)}c(\gamma_0;\gamma,\delta)~{\rm O}(1_{K^p})~{\rm TO}_{\delta\theta}(\phi_r),

where ϕr=prd/2(ZVμ,jEj01Kpr)\phi_r=p^{rd/2}\bigl(Z_{V^{E_{j0}}_{-\mu,j}}*1_{K_{p^r}}\bigr). The source explicitly says that some unconditional versions have been proved, but this formulation is not stated as fully resolved.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Thomas J. Haines, “The stable Bernstein center and test functions for Shimura varieties”, arXiv:1304.6293 (2014).

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