Gibbons–Penrose inequality for surfaces in Schwarzschild spacetime

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Let Σ\Sigma be a spacelike 22-surface in Schwarzschild spacetime, and let J⃗\vec{J} denote its dual mean curvature vector. Suppose that the past null hypersurface generated by Σ\Sigma is smooth. Let mm be the total mass of the Schwarzschild spacetime. Gibbons–Penrose conjecture. Then

−∫Σ⟨J⃗,∂∂t⟩ dμ+16πm≥16π∣Σ∣.-\int_\Sigma \left\langle \vec{J},\frac{\partial}{\partial t}\right\rangle\,d\mu+16\pi m\geq\sqrt{16\pi|\Sigma|}.

This extends the Minkowski-space inequality by including the Schwarzschild mass term. The source does not state a resolution, so the conjecture is treated as open.

References

Primary source

Simon Brendle and Mu-Tao Wang, “A Gibbons-Penrose inequality for surfaces in Schwarzschild spacetime”, arXiv:1303.1863 (2013).

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