Hilbert-scheme identity for character varieties

About 29 years old · traced to

Let Hλ(z,w)\mathcal H_\lambda(z,w) be the partition function appearing in the source, let ϕ(0):=0\phi(0):=0, and for every nonzero partition λ\lambda define

ϕλ(z,w):=∑(i,j)∈λzj−1wi−1,\phi_\lambda(z,w):=\sum_{(i,j)\in\lambda}z^{j-1}w^{i-1},

where the sum is over the boxes of λ\lambda. Hilbert-scheme identity. The following formal power-series identity is conjectured:

1+(z2−1)(1−w2)∑λHλ(z,w)ϕλ(z2,w2)T∣λ∣∑λHλ(z,w)T∣λ∣=∏n≥1(1−zwTn)2(1−z2Tn)(1−w2Tn).1+(z^2-1)(1-w^2)\frac{\sum_\lambda\mathcal H_\lambda(z,w)\phi_\lambda(z^2,w^2)T^{|\lambda|}}{\sum_\lambda\mathcal H_\lambda(z,w)T^{|\lambda|}}=\prod_{n\geq1}\frac{(1-zwT^n)^2}{(1-z^2T^n)(1-w^2T^n)}.

It arises by combining the Hilbert-scheme formula with the main conjecture in the case g=1g=1 and μ=(n−1,1)\mu=(n-1,1), giving a purely combinatorial reformulation.

References

Primary source

T. Hausel, E. Letellier and F. Rodriguez-Villegas, “Topology of character varieties and representations of quivers”, arXiv:0905.3491 (2009).

Additional references

2 papers in this index state this conjecture (1997–2009). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:alg-geom/9709027.

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