Gal's arithmetic positivity conjecture for Kerov polynomials

Let pp be an odd prime, and let Σp+1\Sigma_{p+1} be the Kerov character polynomial on a cycle of length p+1p+1, with RiR_i denoting the free cumulants. Gal's conjecture. The expression

Σp+1Rp+2+R3p\frac{\Sigma_{p+1}-R_{p+2}+R_3}{p}

is a polynomial in R2,R3,R_2,R_3,\dots with non-negative integer coefficients.

The conjecture was formulated by Światosław Gal from numerical calculations and extends the arithmetic positivity results proved in the preceding proposition for related prime-indexed expressions. The source gives no resolution.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Maciej Dołega, Valentin Féray and Piotr Sniady, “Explicit combinatorial interpretation of Kerov character polynomials as numbers of permutation factorizations”, arXiv:0810.3209 (2011).

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