Nearby Lagrangian conjecture
Let be a closed smooth manifold of dimension , and let be its cotangent bundle, equipped with the tautological -form (in local canonical coordinates , ) and the symplectic form .
Call a submanifold Lagrangian if and , closed if is compact without boundary, and exact if there exists with .
Let denote the zero section. Say that two submanifolds are Hamiltonian isotopic if there is a smooth family of compactly supported functions , , whose time-dependent Hamiltonian vector fields , determined by
generate a flow with and .
Then for every closed exact Lagrangian submanifold , the submanifolds and are Hamiltonian isotopic.
Equivalent formulations 2Other wordings
Other statements of this same problem, merged from separate entries. Each is equivalent to the statement above — proving any one settles them all.
Nearby Lagrangian conjecture
In mathematics, more specifically symplectic topology, the nearby Lagrangian conjecture, is an open mathematical problem often attributed to Vladimir Arnold. It states that every closed exact Lagrangian submanifold of a cotangent bundle T∗M is Hamiltonian isotopic to the zero section.
source: Wikipedia
The nearby Lagrangian conjecture
Let be a closed manifold and let be an exact Lagrangian, with also closed. Nearby Lagrangian conjecture. There exists a Hamiltonian isotopy such that
This conjecture is attributed to Arnold and was first published by Lalonde and Sikorav. It has been proved independently by Fukaya–Seidel–Smith and Kragh–Abouzaid.
source: Marie-Claude Arnaud, Vincent Humilière and Claude Viterbo, “Higher Dimensional Birkhoff attractors (with an appendix by Maxime Zavidovique)”, arXiv:2404.00804 (2026).
References
Primary source
Additional references
- Wikipedia, Nearby Lagrangian conjecture, the article this problem comes from.
Progress summary
Nothing recorded yet. Refresh searches the literature and the public web for attempts on this problem, and writes the first summary here.
Solutions 1
RemarkAI-assistedClaimed by OpenAI. The manuscript claims a closed exact smoothly embedded Lagrangian in the cotangent bundle of , for some sufficiently large even , diffeomorphic to the base but not Hamiltonian isotopic to the zero section.See full solution
Claimed by OpenAI.
Theorem 1.1 claims a counterexample to the unrestricted nearby Lagrangian conjecture: for with some sufficiently large even , a closed exact smoothly embedded Lagrangian is diffeomorphic to , but no compactly supported Hamiltonian isotopy carries the zero section to . Both the base and the Lagrangian are connected and simply connected. The source and target use opposite signs for the Hamiltonian vector field; replacing the Hamiltonian by its negative leaves the existence of such isotopies unchanged.
GitHub repository: https://github.com/openai/math
- OpenAI-340-01-A-counterexample-to-the-nearby-Lagrangian-conjecture.pdfOpen