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List edge coloring conjecture

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Let G=(V,E)G=(V,E) be a finite loopless graph (multiple edges permitted). Two edges are adjacent if they share an endpoint.

A proper edge coloring of GG with color set CC is a map c ⁣:E→Cc\colon E\to C such that c(e)≠c(f)c(e)\neq c(f) whenever ee and ff are adjacent. The chromatic index χ′(G)\chi'(G) is the least integer kk for which there is a proper edge coloring of GG using a color set of size kk.

A list assignment for GG is a map LL assigning to each edge e∈Ee\in E a finite set L(e)L(e) of colors. A proper LL-edge-coloring of GG is a map c ⁣:E→⋃e∈EL(e)c\colon E\to\bigcup_{e\in E}L(e) with c(e)∈L(e)c(e)\in L(e) for every e∈Ee\in E and c(e)≠c(f)c(e)\neq c(f) for every pair of adjacent edges e,fe,f. For an integer k≥1k\ge 1, the graph GG is kk-edge-choosable if every list assignment LL with ∣L(e)∣≥k|L(e)|\ge k for all e∈Ee\in E admits a proper LL-edge-coloring. The list chromatic index ch⁡′(G)\operatorname{ch}'(G) is the least kk such that GG is kk-edge-choosable.

Then for every such graph GG,

ch⁡′(G)=χ′(G).\operatorname{ch}'(G)=\chi'(G).
Equivalent formulations
  1. Let GG be a finite graph, and let χ′(G)\chi'(G) be its chromatic index. A list edge-coloring assigns to each edge a list of available colors, and GG is χ′(G)\chi'(G)-edge-choosable if every assignment of lists of size χ′(G)\chi'(G) admits a proper edge-coloring from those lists. List edge-coloring conjecture. Every graph is χ′(G)\chi'(G)-edge-choosable.

    This conjecture asks whether the list chromatic index always equals the ordinary chromatic index. It is presented as an open problem motivating the paper's study of edge-coloring series-parallel multigraphs.

    source: Cristina G. Fernandes and Robin Thomas, “Edge-coloring series-parallel multigraphs”, arXiv:1107.5370 (2011).

  2. In graph theory, list edge-coloring is a type of graph coloring that combines list coloring and edge coloring. An instance of a list edge-coloring problem consists of a graph together with a list of allowed colors for each edge. A list edge-coloring is a choice of a color for each edge, from its list of allowed colors; a coloring is proper if no two adjacent edges receive the same color.

    source: Wikipedia

  3. Let GG be a graph. Write χ′(G)\chi'(G) for its edge-chromatic number and χℓ′(G)\chi'_{\ell}(G) for its list edge-chromatic number, the least integer kk such that every assignment of lists of at least kk colors to the edges permits a proper list edge coloring. List Coloring Conjecture. Every graph GG verifies

    χ′(G)=χℓ′(G).\chi'(G)=\chi'_{\ell}(G).

    The conjecture is widely open; the source notes that it is known for planar graphs of maximum degree at least 1212, while the general case remains unresolved.

    source: Marthe Bonamy, “Planar graphs with maximum degree D at least 8 are (D+1)-edge-choosable”, arXiv:1303.4025 (2013).

  4. Let GG be a graph. Its list chromatic index χℓ′(G)\chi'_{\ell}(G) is the least integer kk such that every edge-list assignment LL with ∣L(e)∣≥k|L(e)|\geq k admits an LL-edge-colouring, while χ′(G)\chi'(G) is the chromatic index of GG.

    List Edge Colouring Conjecture.

    χℓ′(G)=χ′(G).\chi'_{\ell}(G)=\chi'(G).

    This conjecture asks whether uniform list edge-colourability requires no more colours than ordinary edge-colourability. It is a classic open problem in list edge-colouring.

    source: Marthe Bonamy, Michelle Delcourt, Richard Lang and Luke Postle, “Edge-colouring graphs with local list sizes”, arXiv:2007.14944 (2023).

  5. For a graph GG, let χ′(G)\chi'(G) be its edge-chromatic number and let ch′(G)ch'(G) be its list edge-chromatic number.

    The list-edge-coloring equality conjecture. For any graph GG,

    ch′(G)=χ′(G).ch'(G)=\chi'(G).

    This asserts that list edge-coloring requires no more colors than ordinary edge-coloring. The supplied source does not state whether the conjecture has been resolved.

    source: Jonathan Narboni, “Vizing's edge-recoloring conjecture holds”, arXiv:2302.12914 (2023).

References
  1. Wikipedia, List edge-coloring, the article this problem comes from.

Source: Wikipedia

Progress summary

Refreshed
Open · progress reported

The conjecture remains open in general, but a new report claims it for two additional infinite families of complete graphs.

The conjecture asserts that every loopless multigraph has the same list edge-chromatic number as ordinary edge-chromatic number. Its history is commonly associated with Jensen and Toft (1995).

Known results

  • Galvin (1995): equality holds for every bipartite multigraph.
  • Kahn (2000): asymptotically, the list chromatic index is at most (1+o(1))χ′(G)(1+o(1))\chi'(G) for multigraphs.
  • Häggkvist and Jansson: equality holds for complete graphs of class 22.
  • For every odd prime pp, equality holds for Kp+1K_{p+1}, including its paintability index.

August 24, 2026: two new complete-graph families

On August 24, 2026, a report on The List Edge-Coloring Conjecture for Two New Infinite Families of Complete Graphs stated that the conjecture was proved for Kp−1K_{p-1} and K2pK_{2p}. This is a claimed advance, but the supplied evidence does not independently verify the proofs; the general conjecture remains open.

Current status (as of August 2026): The conjecture is open for general loopless multigraphs; several classes and asymptotic regimes are settled, while the reported results for Kp−1K_{p-1} and K2pK_{2p} remain unverified here.

Sources

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