3 problems

Let $G$ be a reaction network containing the motif … with $Y$ absent from every other complex. Let $p_{(h,\ell)}$ and $p'_{(h,\ell')}$ be the corresponding reduced characteristic p…

Let $G$ be a reaction network containing the motif … where $Y$ appears in no other complex. Let $p_{(h,\ell)}$ and $p'_{(h,\ell')}$ be the reduced characteristic polynomials of $G$…

A phosphorylation network may contain reverse reactions in motifs of the form … where $y$ and $y'$ are complexes not containing the intermediate species $Y$. Reverse-reaction irrel…