2 problems

Consider the LPA model with environmental variables $\xi_t^l,\xi_t^p,\xi_t^a$ that are not perfectly correlated, and let $b_{crit}$ denote the critical birth rate separating extinc…

Let $X_t=(\ell_t,p_t,a_t)$ be the LPA population model under the assumptions of Theorem 1, except that the environmental variables $\xi_t^i$ are normally distributed with mean $0$.…