The eventual vanishing criterion for Hessian-nilpotent formal power series

From papers

Let P(z)C[[z]]P(z)\in {\mathbb C}[[z]] satisfy o(P(z))2o(P(z))\geq 2, and write HesP(z)\operatorname{Hes}P(z) for its Hessian matrix. The series P(z)P(z) is Hessian nilpotent when HesP(z)\operatorname{Hes}P(z) is nilpotent. Eventual vanishing criterion. If

ΔmPm(z)=0\Delta^mP^m(z)=0

for all sufficiently large mm, then P(z)P(z) is Hessian nilpotent. The preceding theorem establishes analogous equivalences when the vanishing holds for every m1m\geq1, or for 1mn1\leq m\leq n; the eventual version is proposed as an additional criterion.

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Primary source

Wenhua Zhao, “Hessian Nilpotent Polynomials and the Jacobian Conjecture”, arXiv:math/0409534 (2004).

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