The eventual vanishing criterion for Hessian-nilpotent formal power series

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Let P(z)∈C[[z]]P(z)\in {\mathbb C}[[z]] satisfy o(P(z))≥2o(P(z))\geq 2, and write Hes⁡P(z)\operatorname{Hes}P(z) for its Hessian matrix. The series P(z)P(z) is Hessian nilpotent when Hes⁡P(z)\operatorname{Hes}P(z) is nilpotent. Eventual vanishing criterion. If

ΔmPm(z)=0\Delta^mP^m(z)=0

for all sufficiently large mm, then P(z)P(z) is Hessian nilpotent. The preceding theorem establishes analogous equivalences when the vanishing holds for every m≥1m\geq1, or for 1≤m≤n1\leq m\leq n; the eventual version is proposed as an additional criterion.

References

Primary source

Wenhua Zhao, “Hessian Nilpotent Polynomials and the Jacobian Conjecture”, arXiv:math/0409534 (2004).

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