Radial limit conjecture for GPPV invariants of rational homology spheres

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Let MM be a rational homology sphere, meaning a closed oriented 33-manifold with H1(M,Q)=0H_1(M,\mathbb{Q})=0. Let Spin⁡c(M)\operatorname{Spin}^c(M) denote its set of Spin⁡c\operatorname{Spin}^c structures, with the conjugation action of {±1}\{\pm1\}. For a positive integer kk, let Zk(M)∈CZ_k(M)\in\mathbb{C} be the normalized SU⁡(2)\operatorname{SU}(2) Witten–Reshetikhin–Turaev invariant, and let lk⁡ ⁣:H1(M,Z)⊗H1(M,Z)→Q/Z\operatorname{lk}\colon H_1(M,\mathbb{Z})\otimes H_1(M,\mathbb{Z})\to\mathbb{Q}/\mathbb{Z} be the linking form. Define ζk=e2πi/k\zeta_k=e^{2\pi i/k}, e(z)=e2πiz\bm{e}(z)=e^{2\pi i z}, and, for a,b∈Spin⁡c(M)/{±1}a,b\in\operatorname{Spin}^c(M)/\{\pm1\}, let Stab⁡{±1}(a)\operatorname{Stab}_{\{\pm1\}}(a) be the stabilizer of aa under the conjugation action and set

Sab=e2πiklk⁡(a,b)+e−2πiklk⁡(a,b)∣Stab⁡{±1}(a)∣ ∣Stab⁡{±1}(b)∣∣H1(M,Z)∣.S_{ab}=\frac{e^{2\pi i k\operatorname{lk}(a,b)}+e^{-2\pi i k\operatorname{lk}(a,b)}}{|\operatorname{Stab}_{\{\pm1\}}(a)|\,|\operatorname{Stab}_{\{\pm1\}}(b)|\sqrt{|H_1(M,\mathbb{Z})|}}.

Radial limit conjecture. For each b∈Spin⁡c(M)/{±1}b\in\operatorname{Spin}^c(M)/\{\pm1\}, there exist topological invariants Δb∈Q\Delta_b\in\mathbb{Q}, c∈Z≥0c\in\mathbb{Z}_{\ge0}, and Z^b(q;M)∈2−cq−ΔbZ[[q]]\widehat{Z}_b(q;M)\in2^{-c}q^{-\Delta_b}\mathbb{Z}[[q]] such that Z^b(q;M)\widehat{Z}_b(q;M) converges for ∣q∣<1|q|<1 and, for infinitely many k∈Z>0k\in\mathbb{Z}_{>0},

Zk(M)=lim⁡q→ζk1ζ2k−ζ2k−1∑a,b∈Spin⁡c(M)/{±1}e(klk⁡(a,a))SabZ^b(q;M).Z_k(M)=\lim_{q\to\zeta_k}\frac{1}{\zeta_{2k}-\zeta_{2k}^{-1}}\sum_{a,b\in\operatorname{Spin}^c(M)/\{\pm1\}}\bm{e}\left(k\operatorname{lk}(a,a)\right)S_{ab}\widehat{Z}_b(q;M).

The conjecture seeks qq-series invariants whose radial limits recover the WRT invariants and would provide a route toward categorification and asymptotic expansions for general rational homology spheres. Such constructions are known in important cases, including the Poincaré homology sphere and various Seifert or negative-definite plumbed manifolds, but the asserted existence for every rational homology sphere remains open.

References

Primary source

Yuya Murakami, “L-function invariants for 3-manifolds and relations between generalized Bernoulli polynomials”, arXiv:2410.05611 (2024).

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