Asymptotic inversion constant for the non-reduced random permutation

Let p[0,1)p\in[0,1) and let w=w(n)Sn\boldsymbol{w}=\boldsymbol{w}(n)\in S_n be the random permutation in the non-reduced model. Write inv(w)\operatorname{inv}(\boldsymbol{w}) for its number of inversions. Inversion limit conjecture. There is a constant ϰ\varkappa such that

inv(w)n3/2ϰp1p\frac{\operatorname{inv}(\boldsymbol{w})}{n^{3/2}}\longrightarrow \varkappa\sqrt{\frac{p}{1-p}}

in probability as nn\to\infty. The preceding bounds imply only that 2/(3π)ϰ4/(3π)2/(3\sqrt{\pi})\leq\varkappa\leq4/(3\sqrt{\pi}); the source gives no resolution of this conjecture.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Alejandro H. Morales, Greta Panova, Leonid Petrov and Damir Yeliussizov, “Grothendieck Shenanigans: Permutons from pipe dreams via integrable probability”, arXiv:2407.21653 (2025).

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