Heyde's conjecture for locally compact Abelian groups without a 2-dimensional torus

Let XX be a second countable locally compact Abelian group, let GG be the subgroup of XX generated by all elements of XX of order 22, and let α\alpha be a topological automorphism of XX satisfying condition (d1)(\mathrm{d1}). Let ξ1\xi_1 and ξ2\xi_2 be independent random variables with values in XX and distributions μ1\mu_1 and μ2\mu_2 with nonvanishing characteristic functions. Define L1=ξ1+ξ2L_1=\xi_1+\xi_2 and L2=ξ1+αξ2L_2=\xi_1+\alpha\xi_2. Heyde's conjecture. If the conditional distribution of L2L_2 given L1L_1 is symmetric, then

μjΓ(X)M1(G),j=1,2,\mu_j\in\Gamma(X)*\operatorname{M^1}(G),\qquad j=1,2,

if and only if XX contains no subgroup topologically isomorphic to the 22-dimensional torus T2\mathbb{T}^2. This conjecture extends the Heyde-type characterization from groups without a 2-dimensional torus; the preceding result shows the corresponding phenomenon on T2\mathbb{T}^2 under a different automorphism condition, while the general equivalence for second countable locally compact Abelian groups is presented as an open question.

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Primary source

Gennadiy Feldman, “Heyde theorem for locally compact Abelian groups containing no subgroups topologically isomorphic to the 2-dimensional torus”, arXiv:2405.02789 (2024).

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