Optimal tapered lightning approximation conjecture for zαz^\alpha on a V-shaped domain

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Let α\alpha be the exponent, let β[0,2)\beta\in[0,2), and consider the V-shaped domain [0,1]e±iβπ/2[0,1]e^{\pm i\beta\pi/2}. Let r(z)r(z) be a lightning + polynomial approximation with N1N_1 lightning terms, a polynomial part of degree N2=O(N1)N_2=\mathcal{O}(\sqrt{N_1}), and tapered lightning poles with spacing parameter σ\sigma. Optimal tapered lightning approximation conjecture. There exist coefficients {aj}j=1N1\{a_j\}_{j=1}^{N_1} and a polynomial b(z)b(z) such that, with

σ=2(2β)πα,\sigma=\frac{\sqrt{2(2-\beta)}\pi}{\sqrt{\alpha}},

one has

r(z)zα=O(eπ2(2β)αN)\lvert r(z)-z^\alpha\rvert=\mathcal{O}\left(e^{-\pi\sqrt{2(2-\beta)\alpha N}}\right)

as NN\to\infty, uniformly for z[0,1]e±iβπ/2z\in[0,1]e^{\pm i\beta\pi/2} and β[0,2)\beta\in[0,2). Numerical experiments indicate that the corresponding spacing parameter is optimal, generalizing the observed result for z\sqrt z; the claim remains unproved.

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Primary source

Astrid Herremans, Daan Huybrechs and Lloyd N. Trefethen, “Resolution of singularities by rational functions”, arXiv:2302.02743 (2023).

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