The eta-quotient parity master conjecture

Let

F(q)=n0c(n)qnF(q)=\sum_{n\geq 0}c(n)q^n

be an eta-quotient shifted so that all powers of qq are integral, and let δF\delta_F be the odd density of its coefficients c(n)c(n), when this density exists. A polynomial is nonnegative integer-valued if it takes nonnegative integer values at the relevant integers. Eta-quotient parity master conjecture. For every FF, δF\delta_F exists and satisfies δF1/2\delta_F\leq 1/2. If δF=1/2\delta_F=1/2, then for every nonnegative integer-valued polynomial PP of positive degree, the odd density of c(P(n))c(P(n)) is 1/21/2; in particular, every nonconstant subprogression c(An+B)c(An+B) has odd density 1/21/2. If δF<1/2\delta_F<1/2, then the coefficients of FF are identically even on some nonconstant subprogression. If the coefficients are not identically even on any nonconstant subprogression, then they have odd density 1/21/2 on every nonconstant subprogression, and hence δF=1/2\delta_F=1/2. The source notes the logical implications among these clauses and presents the conjecture as a master framework for parity questions about eta-quotients; it remains open in the supplied text.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

William J. Keith and Fabrizio Zanello, “Parity of the coefficients of certain eta-quotients, II: The case of even-regular partitions”, arXiv:2302.00708 (2023).

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