Polynomial interpolation conjecture for constant terms of Hecke-group modular forms

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Let K\mathcal{K} and K‾\overline{\mathcal{K}} be the two families of meromorphic modular forms in the source, and let AK,k,m(0)A_{\mathcal{K},k,m}(0) and AK‾,k,m(0)A_{\overline{\mathcal{K}},k,m}(0) denote their constant terms. Let QK,k,0(x)Q_{\mathcal{K},k,0}(x) and QK‾,k,0(x)Q_{\overline{\mathcal{K}},k,0}(x) be the corresponding polynomial functions, and let hk(x)h_k(x) and h‾k(x)\overline{h}_k(x) be the polynomials obtained by interpolation from these constant terms. Polynomial interpolation conjecture. The identities

hk(x)≡QK,k,0(x),hk(m)=AK,k,m(0)h_k(x)\equiv Q_{\mathcal{K},k,0}(x),\qquad h_k(m)=A_{\mathcal{K},k,m}(0)

and

h‾k(x)≡QK‾,k,0(x),h‾k(m)=AK‾,k,m(0)\overline{h}_k(x)\equiv Q_{\overline{\mathcal{K}},k,0}(x),\qquad \overline{h}_k(m)=A_{\overline{\mathcal{K}},k,m}(0)

hold identically. The authors describe this as their fundamental assumption that the observed linearity behavior is reliable; the conjecture is used as the basis for subsequent empirical divisibility predictions.

References

Primary source

Barry Brent, “On the constant terms of certain meromorphic modular forms for Hecke groups”, arXiv:2212.12515 (2022).

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