Strengthened equivalence-class bound for increasing and decreasing pattern replacements

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Let SnS_n be the set of permutations of 1,2,,n\\{1,2,\ldots,n\\\\}, and let two permutations be equivalent when one can be obtained from the other by replacing an occurrence of the pattern 12k12 \cdots k with k21k \cdots 21, or vice versa. Strengthened equivalence-class conjecture. Let k3k \ge 3. If nk22k+3n \ge k^2-2k+3, then there are only one or two equivalence classes under the equivalence 12k,k21\\{12 \cdots k, k \cdots 21\\}. Furthermore, if kk is even, it suffices to assume nk22k+2n \ge k^2-2k+2. This strengthens the preceding theorem, which gives the same conclusion only for n3k24k+3n \ge 3k^2-4k+3; the conjecture had been experimentally verified for k4k \le 4 in the source.

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Primary source

Michael Ma, “New Results on Pattern-Replacement Equivalences: Generalizing a Classical Theorem and Revising a Recent Conjecture”, arXiv:2009.04546 (2020).

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