The quasi-polynomiality conjecture for vanishing probabilities of Schur functions

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Let λ\lambda be a partition, and let P(sλ0)P(s_\lambda\mapsto0) denote the probability that the Schur function sλs_\lambda evaluates to zero over the finite field under consideration. A function g:ZZg:\mathbb{Z}\to\mathbb{Z} is a quasi-polynomial if there exists an integer N>0N>0 and polynomials g0,g1,,gN1Z[x]g_0,g_1,\ldots,g_{N-1}\in\mathbb{Z}[x] such that g(n)=gi(n)g(n)=g_i(n) whenever ni(modN)n\equiv i\pmod N. The quasi-polynomiality conjecture. For every partition λ\lambda, there exist a positive integer kk and a quasi-polynomial f(q)f(q), depending on the residue class of qq modulo some integer, such that

P(sλ0)=f(q)qk.P(s_\lambda\mapsto0)=\frac{f(q)}{q^k}.

The claim predicts a uniform arithmetic form for these vanishing probabilities as the finite-field parameter qq varies; the examples preceding the statement exhibit such residue-class-dependent formulas, but no general proof is provided here.

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Primary source

Ben Anzis, Shuli Chen, Yibo Gao, Jesse Kim, Zhaoqi Li and Rebecca Patrias, “Jacobi-Trudi determinants over finite fields”, arXiv:1611.00216 (2016).

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