The symmetric-polynomial form conjecture for transitive factorisation generating series

Let u,z,p1,p2,u,z,p_1,p_2,\ldots be indeterminates, let pα=pα1pα2p_\alpha=p_{\alpha_1}p_{\alpha_2}\cdots, and define

Fk(m)(u,z;p1,p2,)=n1k1n+m2αnl(α)=mck(α),Cα,pαuμk(α)μk(α)!znn!.F_k^{(m)}(u,z;p_1,p_2,\ldots)=\sum_{\substack{n\geq1\\\\ k-1\mid n+m-2}}\sum_{\substack{\alpha\vdash n\\\\ l(\alpha)=m}}c_k(\alpha)\\,\lvert\mathcal{C}_\alpha\rvert\\,p_\alpha\frac{u^{\mu_k(\alpha)}}{\mu_k(\alpha)!}\frac{z^n}{n!}.

For a partition α\alpha with mm parts, define ψm(pαuizj)=σSmx1ασ(1)xmασ(m)\psi_m(p_\alpha u^i z^j)=\sum_{\sigma\in\mathfrak{S}_m}x_1^{\alpha_{\sigma(1)}}\cdots x_m^{\alpha_{\sigma(m)}}, and set Pk(m)(x1,,xm)=ψm(Fk(m))P_k^{(m)}(x_1,\ldots,x_m)=\psi_m(F_k^{(m)}). Let wi=w(xi)w_i=w(x_i), where w(x)w(x) is the unique power-series solution of the functional equation given in the source. The symmetric-polynomial form conjecture. For m1m\geq1,

(i=1mxixi)3mPk(m)(x1,,xm)=Sk(m)(w1,,wm)i=1mxidwidxi,\left(\sum_{i=1}^m x_i\frac{\partial}{\partial x_i}\right)^{3-m}P_k^{(m)}(x_1,\ldots,x_m)=S_k^{(m)}(w_1,\ldots,w_m)\prod_{i=1}^m x_i\frac{d w_i}{d x_i},

where Sk(m)(w1,,wm)S_k^{(m)}(w_1,\ldots,w_m) is a symmetric polynomial in w1,,wmw_1,\ldots,w_m. The conjecture gives a uniform algebraic form for the generating series of minimal transitive ordered factorisations; the later discussion conjectures polynomial dependence on kk for the coefficients of the symmetric polynomial, but does not establish the general case.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

I. P. Goulden and D. M. Jackson, “Transitive factorisations in the symmetric group, and combinatorial aspects of singularity theory”, arXiv:math/9903094 (1999).

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