The resultant-square conjecture for the discriminant of a trigonal genus-three curve

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Let CC be the trigonal genus-three curve defined by f(x,y)=0f(x,y)=0, with coefficients μ1,μ2,μ3,μ4,μ5,μ6,μ8,μ9,μ12\mu_1,\mu_2,\mu_3,\mu_4,\mu_5,\mu_6,\mu_8,\mu_9,\mu_{12}. For variables xx and yy, write fxf_x and fyf_y for the corresponding partial derivatives, and let rslt⁡z\operatorname{rslt}_z denote the resultant with respect to zz. Define

R1=rslt⁡x(rslt⁡y(f(x,y),fx(x,y)),rslt⁡y(f(x,y),fy(x,y))),R2=rslt⁡y(rslt⁡x(f(x,y),fx(x,y)),rslt⁡x(f(x,y),fy(x,y))),R3=gcd⁡(R1,R2).\begin{aligned} R_1&=\operatorname{rslt}_x\big(\operatorname{rslt}_y(f(x,y),f_x(x,y)),\operatorname{rslt}_y(f(x,y),f_y(x,y))\big),\\ R_2&=\operatorname{rslt}_y\big(\operatorname{rslt}_x(f(x,y),f_x(x,y)),\operatorname{rslt}_x(f(x,y),f_y(x,y))\big),\\ R_3&=\gcd(R_1,R_2). \end{aligned}

Here rslt⁡z\operatorname{rslt}_z is the determinant of the Sylvester matrix with respect to zz. Resultant-square conjecture. The polynomial R3R_3 has weight 144144 and is a perfect square in the ring

Z[μ1,μ4,μ2,μ5,μ8,μ3,μ6,μ9,μ12].\mathbb{Z}[\mu_1,\mu_4,\mu_2,\mu_5,\mu_8,\mu_3,\mu_6,\mu_9,\mu_{12}].

The discriminant is a polynomial in the coefficients that vanishes exactly when the curve is singular, and the proposed construction is motivated by computer-algebra experiments in special cases. The source supplies no resolution status, so this remains open.

References

Primary source

J. C. Eilbeck, V. Z. Enolski, S. Matsutani, Y. Ônishi and E. Previato, “Abelian Functions for Trigonal Curves of Genus Three”, arXiv:math/0610019 (2007).

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