The extension of Theorem B for complete Padovan sequences

Let p5p \geq 5 be a prime with ϱp=3\varrho_p=3, let α\alpha, β\beta, and γ\gamma be the roots of X3X1X^3-X-1 in Fp\mathbb F_p, and define

N_p=\min\{|\alpha/\beta|,|\beta/\gamma|,|\gamma/\alpha|}.

A Φ3\Phi_3-sequence (an)n(a_n)_n is complete when it contains every nonzero element of Fp\mathbb F_p. A Padovan primitive root is a primitive root bb satisfying b3=b+1b^3=b+1. The extension of Theorem B. The statement of Theorem B remains true without the condition pNp2+1p\leq N_p^2+1; equivalently, a Φ3\Phi_3-sequence (an)n(a_n)_n is complete if and only if an=bna_n=b^n for all nn, where bb is a Padovan primitive root, even when p>Np2+1p>N_p^2+1. The condition pNp2+1p\leq N_p^2+1 was used in the supplied theorem, while the paper reports computational and manual verification of the exceptional cases discussed there; the general extension is presented as a belief rather than proved in the supplied passage.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Juan B. Gil, Michael D. Weiner and Catalin Zara, “Complete Padovan sequences in finite fields”, arXiv:math/0605348 (2006).

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