The structure conjecture for tensor product semigroups

Let GG be a complex semisimple Lie group with root system RR, let LL be the character lattice of a maximal torus, and let P(G){\mathcal P}(G) be the tensor product cone. For a triple of dominant weights σ=(λ1,λ2,λ3)\sigma=(\lambda_1,\lambda_2,\lambda_3), write Tr(σ)Tr(\sigma) for its total weight and call the triple nonsingular if none of its components lies on a wall of the Weyl chamber.

The structure conjecture. (1) If RR is simply-laced, then

Tens(G)={σ=(λ1,λ2,λ3)P(G):λiL, Tr(σ)Q(R)}.Tens(G)=\{\sigma=(\lambda_1,\lambda_2,\lambda_3)\in {\mathcal P}(G): \lambda_i\in L,\ Tr(\sigma)\in Q(R)\}.

(2) If σ=(λ1,λ2,λ3)P(G)L3\sigma=(\lambda_1,\lambda_2,\lambda_3)\in {\mathcal P}(G)\cap L^3 is nonsingular, then σTens(G)\sigma\in Tens(G) if and only if σP(G)\sigma\in {\mathcal P}(G) and Tr(σ)Q(R)Tr(\sigma)\in Q(R). (3) If P(R)=Q(R)P(R)=Q(R), then in the decomposition of Tens(G)Tens(G) as the union of elementary sets, the elementary sets are given by inequalities only and there are no congruence conditions.

The conjecture holds for the root systems AnA_n, B2=C2B_2=C_2, and G2G_2, and is supported by computer calculations for higher-rank root systems. A related observation is that for nonsingular triples, the only congruence condition is the necessary condition Tr(σ)Q(R)Tr(\sigma)\in Q(R); the general assertions remain open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Michael Kapovich and John J. Millson, “Structure of the tensor product semigroup”, arXiv:math/0508186 (2005).

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