Folkman's conjecture on square-root-density sequences being subcomplete

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Let A={a1<a2<a3<… }A=\{a_1<a_2<a_3<\dots\} be an increasing sequence of positive integers, let A(n)A(n) count its elements not exceeding nn, and let

SA={∑x∈Bx: B⊂A, ∣B∣<∞}.S_A=\left\{\sum_{x\in B}x:\ B\subset A,\ |B|<\infty\right\}.

The sequence AA is subcomplete if SAS_A contains an infinite arithmetic progression.

Folkman's conjecture. There is a constant cc such that every increasing sequence satisfying

A(n)≥cn1/2A(n)\geq cn^{1/2}

is subcomplete.

This is presented as a refinement of Erdős's completeness conjecture, removing the modularity condition. Folkman proved sufficiency of the stronger bound A(n)≥cn1/2+ϵA(n)\geq cn^{1/2+\epsilon}, while the square-root threshold remains the conjectural case in the supplied text.

References

Primary source

E. Szemeredi and V. Vu, “Long arithmetic progressions in sumsets: Thresholds and Bounds”, arXiv:math/0507539 (2005).

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