The pairwise-Leonard criterion for Leonard triples

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Let VV be a finite-dimensional vector space over K\mathbb K of positive dimension, and let A,A,Aε:VVA,A^*,A^\varepsilon:V\to V be linear transformations. A Leonard pair is a pair of transformations for which one is diagonal and the other is irreducible tridiagonal in suitable bases. The pairwise-Leonard criterion. If each two-element subset of A,A,AεA,A^*,A^\varepsilon is a Leonard pair on VV, then A,A,AεA,A^*,A^\varepsilon is a Leonard triple on VV, meaning that each member can be diagonalized in a basis in which the other two are irreducible tridiagonal. The problem asks for a classification of Leonard triples; no resolution of this implication is supplied in the source.

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Primary source

Paul Terwilliger, “Two linear transformations each tridiagonal with respect to an eigenbasis of the other; an algebraic approach to the Askey scheme of orthogonal polynomials”, arXiv:math/0408390 (2008).

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