Power-residue density conjecture for non-CM newforms

Let f=a0anqnf=\mathfrak{a}0\sum a_nq^n be a newform with rational Fourier coefficients, and let m2m\geq 2 be an integer. Define δm(f)\delta_m(f) as the relative density of the primes p1(modm)p\equiv 1\pmod m for which apa_p is a nonzero mmth power modulo pp, among those for which ap≢0(modp)a_p\not\equiv 0\pmod p. Power-residue density conjecture. If ff does not have complex multiplication, then

δm(f)=1m.\delta_m(f)=\frac{1}{m}.

This conjecture predicts that non-CM modular forms have equidistributed power-residue behavior in their nonzero Fourier coefficients; the source presents it as being supported by computations, with no resolution stated.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Tom Weston, “Power residues of Fourier coefficients of modular forms”, arXiv:math/0309475 (2003).

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