Prefix-exchange conjecture for increasing and decreasing patterns

About 23 years old · traced to

Let σ\sigma and τ\tau be patterns, and write σ∼Iτ\sigma\sim_{\mathcal{I}}\tau when they are equinumerous for avoidance by involutions, meaning that In(σ)=In(τ)\mathcal{I}_{n}(\sigma)=\mathcal{I}_{n}(\tau) for every nn. A prefix is an initial consecutive pattern such as 12…k12\ldots k or k…21k\ldots21. Prefix-exchange conjecture. For every kk, the prefixes 12…k12\ldots k and k…21k\ldots21 may be exchanged; equivalently,

12…k∼Ik…21.12\ldots k\sim_{\mathcal{I}}k\ldots21.

The conjecture extends the known results for short increasing and decreasing prefixes and would explain further pattern equivalences for involutions. Its general case is left open in the source.

References

Primary source

Aaron D. Jaggard, “Prefix exchanging and pattern avoidance by involutions”, arXiv:math/0306002 (2004).

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