The partition polynomial convolution identity

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Let Λ=(λ1,…,λd)\Lambda=(\lambda_1,\dots,\lambda_d) be a finite sequence with sum

s(Λ)=∑i=1dλi.s(\Lambda)=\sum_{i=1}^d\lambda_i.

Define the polynomial FΛ(x)F_\Lambda(x) by F∅(x)=1F_\emptyset(x)=1 and, for 1≤d=♯(Λ)<∞1\leq d=\sharp(\Lambda)<\infty,

FΛ(x)=x(x−1+s(Λ)d−1)(d−1)!.F_\Lambda(x)=x{x-1+s(\Lambda)\choose d-1}(d-1)!.

For a map φ ⁣:{1,…,d}→{1,…,k}\varphi\colon\{1,\dots,d\}\to\{1,\dots,k\}, let φ−1(1),…,φ−1(k)\varphi^{-1}(1),\dots,\varphi^{-1}(k) be the induced sub-sequences of Λ\Lambda. Partition polynomial convolution identity. For arbitrary x1,…,xkx_1,\dots,x_k, one has

∑φ∈{1,…,k}{1,…,d}∏j=1kFφ−1(j)(xj)=FΛ(∑j=1kxj).\sum_{\varphi\in\{1,\dots,k\}^{\{1,\dots,d\}}}\prod_{j=1}^k F_{\varphi^{-1}(j)}(x_j)=F_\Lambda\left(\sum_{j=1}^k x_j\right).

This is presented as an identity rather than an explicitly named conjecture; the supplied parser nevertheless identifies it as a conjecture environment, and no proof or resolution information is provided in the source excerpt.

References

Primary source

Roland Bacher, “Développements limités et la transformée inverse”, arXiv:math/0303221 (2003).

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