Biran's Pell-equation conjecture for Seshadri-like constants

Let N>9N>9 be square-free, and let d/md/m be the fundamental solution of the Pell equation d2Nm2=1d^2-Nm^2=1. Write (d;m×N)(d;m^{\times N}) for the vector with first entry dd and NN further entries equal to mm, and let RN(OCP2(1)){\cal R}_N({\cal O}_{{\mathbf C}P^2}(1)) denote the associated Seshadri-like constant. Biran's conjecture. Both of the following hold:

  1. The vector (d;m×N)(d;m^{\times N}) is nef.
RN(OCP2(1))1d2.{\cal R}_N({\cal O}_{{\mathbf C}P^2}(1))\leq \frac{1}{d^2}.

The conjecture links continued-fraction solutions of Pell's equation with nef classes and asymptotic estimates for Seshadri-like constants on rational surfaces. The paper verifies it in many cases by recursively applying its ample-divisor construction, but the general square-free case remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Paul Biran, “Constructing new ample divisors out of old ones”, arXiv:alg-geom/9705018 (1997).

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