The corner-factor conjecture for Neumann jump determinants

Let PP be a compact simply connected surface of constant curvature with piecewise geodesic boundary, whose vertices have interior angles

πα1,…,παN,0<αj<2.\pi\alpha_1,\ldots,\pi\alpha_N,\qquad 0<\alpha_j<2.

Let P^=P∪∂PP\widehat P=P\cup_{\partial P}P be the mirror double, and use the Friedrichs Laplacian on P^\widehat P and the Friedrichs Dirichlet Laplacian on PP. Define the BFK quotient by

JBFK(P):=det⁡′ΔP^/Area⁡(P^)(det⁡ΔP,D)2.\mathcal J_{\rm BFK}(P):= \frac{\operatorname{det}'\Delta_{\widehat P}/\operatorname{Area}(\widehat P)} {\bigl(\operatorname{det}\Delta_{P,D}\bigr)^2}.

Corner-factor conjecture. There is a canonical determinant det⁡∠′N∂P\operatorname{det}_{\angle}'\mathcal N_{\partial P} of the Neumann jump operator on a piecewise real-analytic curve with finitely many corners for which the BFK formula remains valid. In the mirror-double setting,

det⁡∠′N∂Plength⁡(∂P)=JBFK(P)=12∏j=1Nαj−1/2.\frac{\operatorname{det}_{\angle}'\mathcal N_{\partial P}}{\operatorname{length}(\partial P)}=\mathcal J_{\rm BFK}(P)=\frac12\prod_{j=1}^{N}\alpha_j^{-1/2}.

This proposes a canonical extension of the Neumann jump determinant and the BFK formula to cornered cuts, where the jump operator is not a classical pseudodifferential operator and ordinary zeta regularization may require modification. The BFK quotient itself is well defined when the Laplacian determinants exist; the existence and normalization of the corner determinant remain open.

References

Primary source

Victor Kalvin, “Corner contributions to Neumann jump determinants: three model calculations and a BFK conjecture”, arXiv:2607.23912 (2026).

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