Catalan classification conjecture for extremal even-intersecting lattice-path families

From papers

Let a lattice path from (0,0)(0,0) to (n,n)(n,n) be a word in {E,N}2n\{E,N\}^{2n}, and say that two paths are even-intersecting if they have an even number of common edges. Let CnC_n denote the nnth Catalan number.

Catalan classification conjecture. There are exactly CnC_n families of size 2n2^n in which every two distinct paths have an even number of common edges.

The even-intersection theorem shows that 2n2^n is the maximum possible size, while the paper constructs at least CnC_n distinct extremal families, one for each noncrossing perfect matching of [2n][2n]. The conjecture asserts that these constructions exhaust all extremal families.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Umesh Shankar, “Oddtown and eventown theorems for lattice paths”, arXiv:2607.23117 (2026).

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