Bang-Jensen–Jordán conjecture for semicomplete digraphs

A digraph is semicomplete if it has no pair of non-adjacent vertices. A tournament is an orientation of a complete graph, hence a semicomplete digraph with no directed 2-cycles. A digraph is kk-strong if it has at least k+1k+1 vertices and remains strongly connected after the deletion of any set of at most k1k-1 vertices. Bang-Jensen–Jordán conjecture. Every (2k1)(2k-1)-strong semicomplete digraph on at least 2k+12k+1 vertices contains a spanning kk-strong tournament. The conjecture is motivated by the known case that every 3-strong semicomplete digraph on at least 5 vertices contains a spanning 2-strong tournament; the source does not state a resolution of the general conjecture.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Jia Zhou, Jørgen Bang-Jensen, Tong Zhou and Jin Yan, “Highly connected spanning oriented subdigraphs in generalizations of semicomplete digraphs”, arXiv:2607.17150 (2026).

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