Bondy's small cycle double cover conjecture

A cycle double cover of a graph is a list of cycles such that every edge belongs to exactly two of them. A graph is simple if it has no loops or parallel edges, and 22-edge-connected if deleting any one edge leaves it connected.

Bondy's small cycle double cover conjecture. Every simple 22-edge-connected graph on nn vertices has a cycle double cover consisting of at most n1n-1 cycles.

The bound is best possible for complete graphs. The source notes that this conjecture does not follow immediately from its proof of the cycle double cover theorem.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Sang-il Oum, “A proof of the cycle double cover conjecture by OpenAI: An exposition”, arXiv:2607.16356 (2026).

Additional references

5 papers in this index state this conjecture (2014–2026). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:2606.03696, arXiv:2503.15950, arXiv:1705.07066, arXiv:1402.4268.

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