Generalized Pythagorean partition-regularity conjecture

Let a,b,cNa,b,c\in\mathbb{N}, and call the equation ax2+by2=cz2ax^2+by^2=cz^2 partition regular when every finite colouring of N\mathbb{N} admits a solution (x,y,z)N3(x,y,z)\in\mathbb{N}^3 whose three entries have the same colour.

Generalized Pythagorean partition-regularity conjecture. The equation

ax2+by2=cz2ax^2+by^2=cz^2

is partition regular if and only if c{a,b,a+b}c\in\{a,b,a+b\}.

Rado's theorem gives the necessity of the condition c{a,b,a+b}c\in\{a,b,a+b\}, but its sufficiency remains open. Indeed, it is unknown whether any choice of a,b,cNa,b,c\in\mathbb{N} makes this equation partition regular. The paper proves a special case when a,b,ca,b,c are perfect squares and either a=ca=c or a+b=ca+b=c.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Guilherme Azevedo and Joel Moreira, “Pythagorean triples in level sets of completely multiplicative functions”, arXiv:2607.04903 (2026).

Progress summary

Never refreshed

Nothing recorded yet. Refresh searches the literature and the public web for attempts on this problem, and writes the first summary here.

Solutions 0

No solutions have been posted yet.