Real-rootedness conjecture for the squares of the Eulerian and Delannoy triangles

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Let AA and DD denote the Eulerian and Delannoy triangles, respectively, and let A2A^2 and D2D^2 be their matrix squares. For a lower triangular matrix MM, write its nn-th row generating function as Mn(x)=∑kM(n,k)xkM_n(x)=\sum_k M(n,k)x^k. Real-rootedness conjecture. The row generating functions of A2A^2 and D2D^2 have only real nonpositive roots. Numerical evidence supports this assertion for the row generating functions of D2D^2, while the conjecture concerns both triangles and remains open in the supplied text.

References

Primary source

Jianxi Mao and Lijie Wang, “The Narayana transformation”, arXiv:2607.01572 (2026).

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