Asymptotic independence-ratio conjecture for finite unit-distance graphs

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Let f(n)f(n) denote the minimum independence number among nn-vertex unit-distance graphs in the plane, and let m1(R2)m_1(\mathbb R^2) be the supremum of the upper densities of measurable subsets of R2\mathbb R^2 containing no two points at distance 11. Asymptotic independence-ratio conjecture.

f(n)n=m1(R2)+o(1).\frac{f(n)}{n}=m_1(\mathbb R^2)+o(1).

Although the strict inequality m1(R2)<1/4m_1(\mathbb R^2)<1/4 is now solved, the problem of accurately estimating f(n)/nf(n)/n remains wide open, including this conjectured asymptotic relation.

References

Primary source

Ákos Dúcz and Dániel Varga, “A unit-distance graph in the plane with independence ratio below 1/4”, arXiv:2606.28157 (2026).

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