The strict torus-to-grid density inequality for monochromatic k-in-a-row

From papers

Let D(k,Z2)D(k,\mathbb{Z}^2) and D(k,(Z/kZ)2)D(k, (\mathbb{Z}/k\mathbb{Z})^2) denote the corresponding maximum avoiding densities on the integer grid and the discrete torus, respectively. Torus-density conjecture. For every k3Nk\in 3\mathbb{N},

D(k,(Z/kZ)2)<D(k,Z2).D(k,(\mathbb{Z}/k\mathbb{Z})^2)<D(k,\mathbb{Z}^2).

The source records the general inequality in the opposite direction, gives strictness at k=3k=3, and reports computational evidence at k=6k=6; the proposed strict inequality remains open.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Kuo-Han Ku, “Monochromatic k in a row”, arXiv:2606.12880 (2026).

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