Cactus-shadow extension conjecture for the necklace formula
Cactus-shadow extension conjecture for the necklace formula
Let an embedded shadow have a block-adjacency graph that is a cactus, meaning that any two cyclic blocks share at most one vertex, and suppose that its cyclic blocks are annular in the sense of the source's necklace definition. The attached tree-like components may have arbitrary nesting, and Shapiro's local admissibility conditions are understood relative to the actual nesting of the building polygons.
Cactus-shadow extension conjecture. For any embedded shadow whose block-adjacency graph is a cactus and whose cyclic blocks are annular in the sense of the necklace definition, the formula of the source's necklace theorem remains valid even when the attached tree-like components have arbitrary nesting, provided that Shapiro's local admissibility conditions are interpreted with respect to the actual nesting of the building polygons.
This would extend the known tree--necklace formula beyond the previously treated nesting configurations. The supplied text identifies arbitrary nesting and global compatibility as remaining issues, and gives no evidence that the extension has been proved.
Sources & referencesView supporting material
Primary source
Boris Shapiro, “Combinatorics of Inflection Points of Plane Curve Shadows”, arXiv:2605.27471 (2026).
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