Yamabe product conjecture for Mn1×S1M^{n-1}\times S^1 and S2×T2S^2\times T^2

From papers

Let (Mn1,h)(M^{n-1},h) be a Yamabe metric with Y(h)>0Y(h)>0, normalized by Rh(n1)(n2)R_h\equiv (n-1)(n-2). Let g(T)=h+dt2g(T)=h+dt^2 on Mn1×S1(T)M^{n-1}\times S^1(T), and let un,Tu_{n,T} denote the function from the Yamabe ordinary differential equation that depends only on tt. The Yamabe constant Y(h+dt2)Y(h+dt^2) and the Yamabe invariant σ(Mn1×S1)\sigma(M^{n-1}\times S^1) are defined by the corresponding conformal and metric infima.

Yamabe product conjecture. The Yamabe constant Y(g(T))Y(g(T)) is minimized by un,Tu_{n,T}, and

Y(h+dt2)Y(hstd+dt2)=(Y(h)Y(hstd))(n1)/n,\frac{Y(h+dt^2)}{Y(h_{std}+dt^2)}=\left(\frac{Y(h)}{Y(h_{std})}\right)^{(n-1)/n},

which implies

σ(Mn1×S1)σ(Sn)(Y(h)Y(hstd))(n1)/n.\frac{\sigma(M^{n-1}\times S^1)}{\sigma(S^n)}\geq\left(\frac{Y(h)}{Y(h_{std})}\right)^{(n-1)/n}.

In particular,

σ(S2×T2)=σ(S4).\sigma(S^2\times T^2)=\sigma(S^4).

The conjecture proposes a quantitative relation between Yamabe constants of a manifold and its product with a circle, and would determine the Yamabe invariant of S2×T2S^2\times T^2. The source gives a partial affirmative result via a theorem of Petean, but does not state that the conjecture has been resolved.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Fang Wang and Zhixin Wang, “Gap Phenomenon for Yamabe Type Problems of M^mT^n-m”, arXiv:2605.25145 (2026).

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