The distance-three vertex conjecture for Pythagorean walks

Let G\mathcal{G} be the graph of Pythagorean walks, with distinguished vertex O(0,0)O(0,0), and let graph distance be measured from O(0,0)O(0,0). A vertex is a symmetric counterpart of a listed vertex if it is obtained by the symmetries of the graph used in the paper. Distance-three vertex conjecture. The only vertices at distance 33 from O(0,0)O(0,0) are (1,0)(1,0), (2,0)(2,0), (2,1)(2,1) and their symmetric counterparts. The conjecture is motivated by a computer search covering all nodes (g,h)(g,h) with 0g,h<40000\leq g,h<4000, where all non-trivial cases were found to have distance at most 22; the existence of further vertices requiring distance 33 or more therefore remains open.

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Primary source

Jan Willemson, “Pythagorean walks on Z^2”, arXiv:2605.20831 (2026).

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