The semisimplicity conjecture for Galois actions on cohomology

Let YY be a smooth projective variety, or a smooth and proper Deligne--Mumford stack with projective coarse moduli space, over a finitely generated field LL, and let LsL^{\mathrm{s}} be a separable closure of LL. For a prime \ell invertible in LL, consider the \ell-adic cohomology representation of Gal(Ls/L)\operatorname{Gal}(L^{\mathrm{s}}/L) on H(YLs,Q)H^*(Y_{L^{\mathrm{s}}},\mathbb{Q}_\ell).

Semisimplicity conjecture. The Galois action on

H(YLs,Q)H^*(Y_{L^{\mathrm{s}}},\mathbb{Q}_\ell)

is semisimple.

This is closely linked to the Tate conjecture. In characteristic zero, the Tate conjecture implies semisimplicity, but the conjecture remains open in general.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Sam Payne, “On the Hodge and Tate conjectures for moduli spaces of curves”, arXiv:2605.20453 (2026).

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