Keating–Snaith conjecture on logarithmic central values

Let F\mathcal{F} be a family of LL-functions of type of symmetry SO(even)\mathrm{SO(even)} or Sp\mathrm{Sp}, and let FX\mathcal{F}_X be a finite truncation increasing to F\mathcal{F} as XX grows. Keating–Snaith conjecture. There exist MFXM_{\mathcal{F}_X} and VFXV_{\mathcal{F}_X} such that, for any positive real numbers α<β\alpha<\beta,

1FX{fFX:logL(12)MFXVFX(α,β)}X12παβex2/2dx.\frac{1}{|\mathcal{F}_X|}\left|\left\{f\in\mathcal{F}_X:\frac{\log L(\frac12)-M_{\mathcal{F}_X}}{V_{\mathcal{F}_X}}\in(\alpha,\beta)\right\}\right|\xrightarrow[X\to\infty]{}\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}}\int_\alpha^\beta e^{-x^2/2}\,dx.

Thus the logarithms of the central values asymptotically follow a normal distribution with mean MFXM_{\mathcal{F}_X} and variance VFXV_{\mathcal{F}_X}.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Didier Lesesvre and Ade Irma Suriajaya, “A connection between low-lying zeros and central values of L-functions”, arXiv:2605.12688 (2026).

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